Esensi Nilai Pendidikan Prenatal dalam Ajaran Kanda Pat pada Masyarakat Hindu di desa Palongaan Mamuju Tengah, Sulawesi Barat
Esensi Nilai Pendidikan Prenatal dalam Ajaran Kanda Pat pada Masyarakat Hindu di desa Palongaan Mamuju Tengah, Sulawesi Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25078/sa.v7i2.7452Keywords:
pendidikan prenatal; Lontar Kanda Pat; kearifan lokal Hindu; keselamatan ibu dan anak; Mamuju TengahAbstract
Central Mamuju Regency in West Sulawesi belongs to a province that records the highest maternal and infant mortality rate in Indonesia, with 54 verified maternal death cases logged through the Ministry of Health's data communication system between 2023 and 2024, a condition worsened by prospective parents' limited understanding of prenatal education. Amid this reality, the Balinese Hindu transmigrant community in Palongaan Village continues to preserve the Kanda Pat Lontar, a traditional palm-leaf manuscript teaching the presence of four spiritual siblings (Catur Sanak) accompanying the fetus from conception to birth. This article examines the essence of prenatal educational values within Kanda Pat teachings, the process of their transmission in the field, and their implications for the three fundamental frameworks of Hinduism, namely Tattwa, Susila, and Upacara. Employing a qualitative field-research design, data were gathered through non-participant observation, unstructured interviews with eleven key informants, and document study, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings reveal three key patterns. First, Kanda Pat teachings have shifted from myth toward a pedagogical system explaining month-by-month fetal development. Second, Hindu religious and cultural education functions as an identity-preservation strategy amid the religious heterogeneity of a transmigration area. Third, the symbolic framework of Catur Sanak converges with modern biomedical concepts such as fetal and maternal microchimerism, without epistemological equivalence between the two. The article concludes that the essence of Kanda Pat lies in its usefulness as a living preventive-education instrument rather than in its textual historicity, and recommends strengthening institutional synergy among religious counselors, medical personnel, and traditional leaders.
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