Toleransi Umat Beragama Dalam Persfektif Buddhis

Abstract

Religious tolerance is an essential prerequisite for achieving social harmony in a pluralistic society facing increasingly complex religious dynamics. In this context, Buddhist teachings offer a relevant ethical and spiritual foundation for building a sustainable tolerant attitude. This article aims to analyze the concept of religious tolerance from a Buddhist perspective through a literature review approach. The method used is a literature study by examining primary sources in the form of the Sutta Piṭaka and scientific literature in the form of books and journal articles published since 2017. The results of the study indicate that tolerance in Buddhism is not understood as a passive attitude or theological compromise, but rather as an ethical and spiritual practice based on the development of wisdom (paññā), loving-kindness (mettā), and compassion (karuṇā). The teachings in the Kalama Sutta, Dhammapada, and Pathama Khama Sutta emphasize the rejection of fanaticism, hatred, and violence, and emphasize the importance of open-mindedness, patience, and respect for differences in belief. Tolerance from a Buddhist perspective has interrelated individual and social dimensions and is relevant to the concept of religious moderation through the principle of the middle way (majjhimā paṭipadā). This article concludes that the Buddhist perspective has strong and contextual relevance in strengthening religious tolerance and building social harmony in a pluralistic society.