The Dialectics of Language and Religion: The Use of 'Sor-Singgih' Balinese Language as a Medium for Inculcating Hindu Ethics in Millennial Topeng Performances in Gianyar Regency

Abstract

The phenomenon of regional language degradation among the younger generation contrasts with the resurgence of millennial artists in Gianyar Regency who strictly enforce the use of sor-singgih basa Bali (Balinese speech levels) in sacred performing arts. This study aims to analyze the dialectic of language and religion in the topeng performance, examining how language structure operates as a simulation of Hindu ethics (Susila) and a medium for moral education. Using a qualitative method with sociolinguistic and phenomenological approaches, data were collected through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with young academic artists. The results reveal three main findings. First, the strict implementation of sor-singgih between the Dalem (King) and Punakawan (Servant) characters is a concrete visualization of the Tri Kaya Parisudha doctrine and social etiquette. Second, the Penasar and Bondres characters function as cultural mediators who transform hermetic theological philosophy into communicative humorous narratives. Third, millennial artists interpret the discipline of standard language not merely as dramaturgical aesthetics, but as a form of Yadnya (sacred offering) to maintain spiritual charisma (taksu). This study concludes that for the young Hindu generation, language preservation in performing arts is a strategy of cultural resilience and the most adaptive religious pedagogy method in the digital era.